Indonesia is divided into 34 administrative provinces. The most notable natural disaster is the 9.2 earthquake that struck in the Indian Ocean and which triggered the Tsunami of December 2004 and devastated many of the islands within Indonesia's archipelago. For its location between numerous tectonic plates, including the two continental plates: the Eurasian Plate ( Sunda Shelf) and the Australian Plate ( Sahul Shelf), and two oceanic plates: the Philippine Sea Plate and Pacific Plate natural disasters are common in Indonesia. The most active volcanoes are Mount Kelud (which has erupted more than 30 times since 1000 AD) and Mount Merapi (which has erupted more than 80 times since 1000 AD) on Java island. There are also some scattered inland lakes as well which are relatively small in size.ĭue to its location along the south-western arm of the Ring of Fire, Indonesia has about 400 volcanoes within its borders, with at least 90 still active in some way. The significant rivers of Indonesia include the Barito, Digul, Hari, Kampar, Kapuas, Kayan, and Musi. In addition to the mountainous landscape, much of the islands as observed on the map, are covered in thick tropical rainforests that give way to coastal plains. The explosion alone was heard as far west as Sumatra island, some 1,200 miles (2,000 km) away, and ashfalls were recorded on the islands of Borneo, Sulawesi, Java, and Maluku. Indonesia's former tallest peak, Mount Tambora (8,930 ft, 2,722 m), is an active stratovolcano whose 1815 eruption was the largest ever in recorded history - killing nearly 71,000 people. The lowest point is the Indian Ocean (0m). (5,030 m) Puncak Jaya is also the world’s highest island peak and the Southwestern Pacific’s tallest mountain. Located in the Papua province and as a part of the Sudirman mountain range is Puncak Jaya – the highest point in Indonesia.
The mountains with the highest elevations ( over 16,000 ft) are found on Irian Jaya in the east. These mountains on the major Indonesian Islands are densely forested and volcanic in origin. Of these islands, the larger islands of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan (which comprises two-thirds of the island of Borneo), Sulawesi, and Irian Jaya are quite mountainous, with some peaks reaching 12,000 ft. km, and strategically positioned between the Pacific and Indian Oceans, Indonesia comprises over 17,504 islands and is by far the largest and the most varied archipelago on Earth.
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